Punching machine



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R. E. JOHNSON PUNCHINCT- MACHINE Filed Feb. :24`

March 7, 19

, 1943 16 Sheets-Sheet 12 wE;,l m f w jpjf W f M Nam nNvENToR ATTO R N EV Sm, m m QN o v NS. .S w kwhmw Q f lll lll/r U f mm Qs um i .w3

INVENTOR ATTORNEY in EQQ., R. JHNSQN' PUNCHING MACHINE Filed Fb. 24, 1943 March 7, 1944. R, B, JQHNSON 2,343,414l

` PUNCHING MACHINE Filed Feb. 24, 1943 16 she ets`smaetv v14 l .L L I 7 FIGQ24.

MM45! SKIP am SP/eef /23 3/2 'lNvENToR ae/ i ATTORN EY March 7, 1944. R. s. JOHNSON 2,343,414

PUIICI'IIICT MACHINE Filed Feb. 24, 1945 15 sheets-sheet 15 SIG/VAL Mylar/f A'ToRNEY March 7 l944 R. B. JoHNsoN 2,343,414

PUNCHING MACHINE l Filed Feb. 24, 1943 16 Sheets-Sheet 16 ATTORNEY Patented Mu. 1, 1944 '2,343,414 rPUNomNG. MAomNE Reynold B. Johnson, Binghamton, N. Y., signor to International Business Machines Corporation, New York, N. Y., a corporation of New York Application February 24, 1943, Serial No. 476,895

17 Claims.

. cessive column punching machines, in which for each operation of a key representing a. numeral or a character or other symbol, perforations are made in a column of the card, and the card then automatically advances to present the next successive column. Such machines are generally provided with a so-called master or pattern card sensing section, in which a prepunched pattern card is placed and advanced past a row of sensing brushes as the record card advances past a row of punches. When the columns of the master card in which perforations have been made arrive at the sensing brushes, they control the operation of the punches to automatically duplicate the prepunched data in the record card. While this is being done, the operator must necessarily await its completion before further key controlled entries or punching may be eiected.

Such machines are also provided with automatic skipping mechanism which functions to uninterruptedly advance the record card from any predetermined column or position to any later position. During such skipping operation, the operator must again await its completion before punch controlling keys can be actuated. Such machines are also provided with automatic mechanism eiective upon completion of the punching of a card for ejecting the same into a discharge hopper and for feeding a new recordV card from a supply magazine into punching position. During such operations, obviously the operator is also required to refrain from operation of the punch controlling keys.

It is the principal object of the present invention to provide an arrangement whereby the time required for the performance of these duplicating, skipping, card ejecting and feeding operations does not act to delay the operators manipulation of data entry controlling keys.

In carrying out the objects of the invention, a so-called storage mechanism is provided which is directly controlled by the keys to receive the information punched and also to receive settings representative of skipping, spacing and card remechanism in turn controls the operation of the punching machine to effect the punching and other operations in the order in which they were previously set up in the storage mechanism by the operator. The reading in operation during which the operator effects settings in the storage mechanism is independent of the so-called readingout operation, during which the storage mechanism controls the punch so that, While the operator is .entering certain data, the storage mechanism is controlling the punching in accordance with some previously entered data.

A specific object of the invention is to provide a key controlled storage mechanism coordinated with a punching machine, whereby key controlled data entries may be made in the storage mechanism while the punching machine is being controlled by a pattern card or the record card is being skipped or ejected.

A more specific object of the invention is to provide an improved form of7storage mechanism of novel and simple construction.

A further object of the invention is to provide improved switching mechanism for shifting the control of the punch from a storage mechanism to the pattern card, said switching-mechanism being controlled automatically and solely upon the sensing of perforations in the pattern card.

A still further object of the invention is to provide novel back spacing mechanism for the storage device, whereby a setting once made may be erased and replaced by another setting.

A still further object of the invention provides for interlocking control devices between the storage mechanism and the punch, whereby further entries in the storage mechanism will be prevented when its data receiving capacity has been reached.

A still further object of the invention is to provide storage mechanism' in which a predetermined sequence of operations for the punching machine may be set up and later utilized to control the operation of the machine in accordance with said prior setting.

Other objects of the invention will be pointed out in the following description and claims and illustrated in the-accompanying drawings, whichl disclose, by way'of example, theprinciple of the invention and the best mode, which has been contemplated, of applying that principle.

In the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a plan view of the storage mechanism.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the storage mechanism looking in the direction of the arrows 2-2 of Fig 1.

Fig. 3 is a detail of a one revolution clutch mechanism shown on a smaller scale in Fig. 2.

Fig. 4 is a section taken along the lines 4 4 of Fig. 1, showing the back space operating mechanism.

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken along the lines 5-5 of Fig. 1, the section being taken through the storage drum to show a circle of setting contact blades and the operating magnets therefor.

Fig. 6 is a detail section taken along the lines B--S of Fig. 1, showing the tensioning device for operating the back space mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a section taken along the lines '1 -I of Fig. 1, showing the mechanism for controlling the readout device.

Fig. 8 is a detail of the error reset magnet and the mechanism operated thereby.

Fig. 9 is a detail section taken along lines 9-9 of Fig. 2, showing the one revolution clutch mechanism and associated devices.

Fig. 10 is a detail showing a setting magnet and the manner in which it cooperates with the storage blades to effect a setting thereof.

Fig. 11 is an enlarged detail of a pair of contact blades, showing them in set and unset or latched position, together with the relationship they gear to the readout device.

Fig. 12 is a detail of the readout blades, the section being taken along lines I2-I2 of Fig. 11.

Fig. 13 is a plan view of the punching mechanism and the keyboard mechanism.

Fig. 14 is a central section through the punching mechanism taken along the lines I4--I4 of Fig. 13.

Fig. 15 taken substantially along lines I5-I5 of Fig. 13 is an outside view of the left end of the punching mechanism showing the arrangement of the card ejeoting devices.

Fig. 16 is a detail section showing the location and manner of operation of the so-called cutout contacts.

Fig. 17 is a sectional View of the numerical keyboard unit taken along the lines I'I-I'I in Fig. 13.

Fig. 18 is a sectional view through the alphabetie-numerical keyboard unit, the view being taken substantially along the lines I8-I8 of Fig. 13.

Fig. 19 is a detail view of the card carriage escapement mechanism.

Fig. 201s a detail of the skip magnet and the mechanism controlled thereby.

Fig. 21 is a section taken through the master card reading section of the machine along the lines 2 I-2I of Fig. 13.

Fig. 21a is a detail of the mechanism controlled by the release magnet.

Fig. 22 isa record card showing the coding arrangement for the various characters.

Fig. 23 is a diagrammatic showing of several record cards to be punched and the storage mechanism which controls the punching operations.

Figs. 24, 24a and 24h placed sequentially downwardiy in the order named constitute a wiring` diagram of the electric circuits of the machine.

I'he apparatus comprises four mechanically separate units, a card feeding and sensing unit shown in the upper part of Fig. 13, an alphabetie-numeric keyboard arrangement shown in the central part of the figure, a numerical keyboard shown at the right of Fig. 13, and a storo tional duplicating key punch," auch as shown in Patent 1,914,263, granted June 13, 1933, to C. D. Lake et al.; Patent 2,107,161 granted Feb. 1, 1938, to R. E. Page; and Patent 1,976,618 granted October 9, 1934, to F. Lee et al. Patent 2,107,161 also shows a numerical keyboard structure similar to that used in the present arrangement. Since most of the mechanical arrangement of the card punching mechanism is already well known, the same will be but briefly explained in the following and in only so much detail as is necessary for an understanding of the present invention, and reference may be had to the patents cited for a further detailed explanation.

Card feeding mechanism Referring to Fig. 13, record cards C to be punched are placed in a magazine designated I0 from which they are advanced singly by means of a picker II toward the (left to present their rst column to a row of card punches designated 5 in Fig. 14. In this position the card carriage comprising a pusher I3 and a forward guide I 4 engages the card and advances it step by step under control of the escapement mechanism tobe described later. Pusher I3 and guide Il are carried by an escapement rack I5 (see Fig. 13) and the picker knife I I is carried by a rack bar I6. Rack I5 has a gear I1 meshing with its lower edge (see Fig. 14) and bar I6 has a gear I8 meshing with its upper edge, both gears being mounted on a cross-shaft I9 (see Fig. 13). Due to this connection between the elements, the movement of picker II. toward the left as viewed in Fig. 13 is accompanied by movement to the right of pusher I3 and forward guide I4. At the commencement of operations, the picker and pusher are in the position shown in Fig. 13.

The rack I6 is provided with a finger piece 20 at its right hand extremity by means of which the rack I6 and the picker II may be moved toward the left to feed a card from the magazine I0. This movement is accompanied by movement of the pusher I3 in the Opposite direction, the parts being so proportioned that, when the card has been advanced to present its first column to the row of punches 5, the pusher I3 will have moved toward the right sumciently to engage the right hand or trailing edge of the card and will now control the further advancement thereof in response to the operation of the escapement mechanism. 'Ihe usual one-way clutch mechanism (shown in Fig. 2 of Patent 1,976,618) permits the immediate return to the right of bar I6 and picker I I under control of the usual spring.

The operation ofcard feeding just outlined is more fully explained in Patent 1,772,186 granted to F. L. Lee et al. for a duplicating punching 1 machine. The escapement mechanism referred to is of the same general nature as that disclosed in the Schaaf Patent 1,426,223 and a brief description thereof will be given later.

Secured to the under side of the base of the machine is a motor 22v (Fig. 14) coupled to a stub shaft 23 to which is secured a worm 24 in mesh with a worm wheel 225 secured to a shaft 226. one end of which has secured thereto a ratchetshaped clutch element 25. Loosely mounted on shaft 226 is a gear 26 meshing with teeth on the lower edge of rack bar I6 and on which gear is mounted a disk 21. Mounted upon disk 21 is a clutch mechanism generally designated 28, one element of which is provided with a pin 29 positioned for engagement by a iinger 30 integral with the armature 3| of a magnet 32. With the 2,343,414 machine at rest, the parts occupy the position n the magnet |59 will be broken, allowing the reis constructed, as explained in greater detail in the patents referred to, so as to remain in engagement for substantially a complete revolution, at the completion of which time the clutching mechanism is uncoupled, whereby the parts may automatically return to the position shown 'under the influence of a spring (not shown).

This power drive of rack bar |6 toward the left has the same effect asxthe manual movement thereof previously explained, that is, a card will be advanced to punching position and the pusher |3 will engage the same for further stepby-step advancement, and rack bar I6 may thereafter return to its home position without disturbing the advanced position of the card C or pusher I3, this boing permitted by the one-way clutch structure mentioned above.

Also integral with the armature 3| of the trip magnet 32 is an arm 34 (see Fig. 14), the free end of which is adapted to bear upon the center blade of pairs of contacts 35 and 36 to open the former and close the latter when magnet 32 is energized, and they will be maintained in such shifted position by a latching bell crank 31, the lateral extension 38 of which is adapted to be engaged by a plate 39 secured to gear 26, at the termination of the driving movement of the latter. The contacts 35 and 36 are used to control the energization of the driving motor 22 and their function will be more fully explained in connection with the circuit diagram.

The punches are operated under control of the storage unit and also by means of a duplicator in accordance with the perfor-ations of a pattern member which may be a previously punched card functioning as a master card M (Fig. 13). The punches 5 (Fig. 14) are of the general form disclosed in the patent of Lee and Phillips 1,772,186 and are normally held in raised position by springs 6 interposed between the enlarged heads thereof and the stripper member which is provided with openings to receive the lower ends of said springs. Resting on the upper ends of said punches are interposers 1 supported at their rear ends on a cross-member 8. The interposers 6 are so notched at their forward ends that, when they are in normal position, depression of an actuating plate l5! against a spring |52 will move a portion cf the depressor plate 5| into such notches.

However, when any magnet |54 is energized, it will rock a related arm |55 to depress a plunger |56 and actuate a bell crank |51 against the action of suitably connected springs. The forward arm of each bell crank has a rounded head tting into a notch in the shank of the plunger,

the upright end having a pin in a slot in the lower edge of the corresponding interposer 1. Such interposer will then be advanced to a position where depression of the member |5| will effect depression cf the interposer and consequently of the corresponding punch.

Upon movement of any of the interposers 1, a pair of contacts |58 is adapted to be closed thereby, closing the circuit to a punch magnet |59 which through intermediate mechanism is adapted to rock the plate |5I to actuate the selected punch 5. Subsequently, the circuit of tu n of the depressed interposer to normal posi Upon energization of the punch magnet |59 in this manner, the armature |60 will be swung about its pivot and through the link |6| will rock a bell crank |62l about-a pivot to draw the link V|63 downward and rock the plate or depressor Subsequently, the circuit of the magnet |59 will be broken allowing the return of the depressed interposer to normal position. At this time the escapement mechanism will be effective and the rack and card carriage will advance one tooth to permit punching in the next column of the card.

Across the lower edge of all'of the interposers 1 is a bail or universal member |64 pivoted at |69 and reaching into notches ln the interposers. Attached to the bail member |64 is a depending arm |69 held against a finger on link' |6| by a spring |10. This spring also tends to pull the arm |69 downwardly rocking the bail |64 clockwise into engagement with the right hand shoulder of the slots in the interposers 1. "The arm |69 has a shoulder normally hooked under the lower contact leaf of the pair of contacts |58. When an interposer 1 is advanced to operative position, this interposer rocks the bail |64 counterclockwise raising the arm |69 and causing contacts |58 to be closed. This causesenergization of magnet |59 to operate the perforating device. As the punch passes through the card and the link |6| moves to the right, the linger extending upwardly therefrom will push the lower end of arm |59 to the rig-ht so that the contact leaf will be released and contacts |58 will then open, deenergizing the magnet |59 and permitting the punch and its actuating mechanism to return to normal positions. l

The interposer 1 returns when the actuating magnet |54 is released and permits bail |64 to turn clockwise to normal position and arm |69 to be lowered so that its shoulder will again snap under the lower blade of contacts |58 and be y ready to close the contacts when the next interposer is advanced. It will be recognized that, when the contact leaf is released, contacts |58 cannot be closed again until the magnet which Escapement mechanism When the card C is in position above the punches 5 (Fig. 14), further advance is controlled by the escapement mechanism which in turn is responsive to the depression of the interposers 1. Each interposer rests upon a bail 40 operatively connected to rock a shaft 43 counterclockwise in Fig. 14 and clockwise in Fig. 19. The rod 43 is rocked as an incident to each spacing or punching operation and has secured to one end thereof oppositely extending arms 45, 46 (see Fig. 19), of which arm 46 is provided with a laterally extending pin for engagement with an enlarged opening in a stepping dog 41 which is loosely pivoted on rod 43. Opposite arm 45 is provided with a pin extending into a slot formed in the locking dog 48. When rod 43 is rocked, arm 46 will, through its pin and slot connection with dog 41, lift the latter out of one of the notches of the rack I and at the same time arm 45 will depress locking dog 48 into a notch between the rack teeth. At this time a spring 49 advances the loosely pivoted dog 41 a short distance, just suicient to permit this dog to move above the top of the next tooth. When the locking dog is again raised, stepping dog 41, due to the movement of rack I5, will ride down along the next tooth until it strikes the end thereof and the carriage is thereby arrested. The usual spring drum (not shown) is provided to bias the rack I5 toward the right as viewed in Fig. 19. The detailed structureof this dog and rack ar-- rangement is well known and need not be further described, and it is suiiicient to note that for cach operation of an interposer 1 the rack I5 is advanced one step or tooth, carrying with it the pusher I3 and forward guide I4, so that the card u is likewise advanced one step, each step of advancement being coextensive with the columnar spacing of the columns of the card.

removably attached to the escapement rack I5 at one side thereof and provided with suitable notches and cam surfaces, which cooperate with the usual skip lifter arm 5I which has a beveled end 52. The end of the lifter 5I lies under the dog 41 (see Fig. 19) so that, if lifter 5I is moved toward the left as viewed in Fig. 2O at any time that a high portion of the skip bar is in line therewith, the beveled end of the lifter will cooperate with the cam surface of the bar to raise the end of the lifter which, upon being so raised, elevates the dog 41 to release rack I5. The lifter arm 5I will drop into the next notch in bar 50 and dog 41 will interrupt further movement of the rack beyond such point. The function of this skip bar 50 is to skip over the columns or fields of the card C which are not to be punched.

The right end of the lifter 5Iv is connected to a slider 53 whose right hand end is provided with an opening into which the free end of a nger 54 extends. This nger is integral with armature 55 of skip magnet 56, the armature being pivoted at 51. With this arrangement, energization of skip magnet 56 will cause lateral shifting of skip lifter 5I with consequent skipping operation. Upon deenergization of magnet 56, the parts are returned to normal by a spring 58;

A further means by which the card may be advanced is controlled by a release magnet designated 60 (Figs. 13 and 21a) which, when energized, will rock its armature 6I about pivot 62 Y causing the free end of an integral finger 63 to depress a release key 64. The mechanism controlled by this key is well known in this type of machine and is briefly as follows.

The lower end of key 64 through the bell crank 65 will draw a member 66 toward the right as viewed in Fig. 21a. This member 66 is suitably mounted for such movement and at its left hand end is provided with a cam surface 61 which cooperates with the left edge of the supporting plate 68. The member 66 also extends beneath the skip lifter 5I in a position generally as indicated m Fig. 2o, so that as the member` es is moved toward theright, cam 61 cooperating with plate 68 will cause an upward tilting of the left end of the member which in turn will lift lthe arm 5I upward against the stepping dog 41, whereupon the rack will be freed to advance uninterruptedly toward the left. Frictional cngagement of the parts will maintain the member 66 in itsshifted position, so that the escapement of the rack when initiated by the magnet 60 will not be interrupted until the card has been fully advanced, that is, until the last card column is advanced to the punching position.

At this time a suitable projection carried by the rack will engage a depending extension of the left extremity of member 6'6 and will draw the member toward the left back to the position it occupies in Fig. 21a. Brieiiy summarizing, after the card has been initially advanced to present the first card column to the punches 5, its further advance is controlled for column-bycolumn movement through the punch magnet |59. Multiple column advancement is controlled through the skip magnet 56 in cooperation with the skip bar 50, and the complete release of the card from any position' to its last column position is controlled by the release magnet 60.

'Automatic card ejector The machine is provided with mechanism for automatically removing completely punched cards and depositing the same in a receptacle provided for the purpose. This mechanism is more fully shown and described in Patent 1,916,965 issued' July 4, 1933, to J. M. Cunningham. Briefly, a gripper 10 occupies the position shown in Fig. l5 with its jaws open in card receiving position during the period that the card is advanced by the escapement mechanism. The gripper is carried by the rod 1I to which is secured a gear 12 which through idlers 13 is connected to a slidable rack 14 which is nonnally biased toward the right by a spring 15.

A pivoted latching member 16 engages a latching shoulder at the left hand extremity of the gripper and thereby serves to hold the parts in the position shown in Fig. 15. When the latching member 16 is rocked counterclockwise about its pivot 11, the spring 15 will be free to drive the rack 14 toward the right and, through the gearing 13, 12, flip the gripper 10 in a counterclockwise direction. This flipping action is effected after the card has been advanced to its extreme left hand position, at which time the leading edge thereof is between the jaws of the gripper. Releasing the gripper will cause the jaws to automatically clamp the end of the card thereto so that the card will bel swung in an arc about the rod 1I and deposited in the receptacle 18, suitable means being provided to cause the Jaws to release the card.

For the purpose of actuating the latch member 16, there is provided the usual' eject magnet 19 which, when energized, will rock its armature about pivot 8| and draw a link 82 toward the right. 'Ihe left extremity of the link is provided with an extension 83 which, when the link is lmoved, will strike a depending arm of the latch 

